Extensive cyber operations by both sides represent a significant dimension of the conflict. Digital attacks target infrastructure, military systems, and government networks throughout the war.
Ukrainian critical infrastructure faces persistent cyber attacks alongside physical strikes. Power grids, communications systems, and government services experience digital intrusions and disruption attempts.
Western cyber support assists Ukraine in defending networks and conducting offensive operations. Intelligence agencies and private cybersecurity firms provide expertise and capabilities.
Russian cyber capabilities have proven less decisive than some anticipated before the conflict. Ukrainian defenses with Western assistance have limited damage from digital attacks.
Cyber operations will likely continue regardless of peace agreements. Digital warfare dimensions complicate monitoring and verification of any settlement terms.